Sperm whales employ a system of communication much more sophisticated than previously believed,researchers revealed recently, using the equivalent of a phonetic alphabet that varies depending on context. The new study analyzed nearly 9,000 codas—short bursts of clicks—using AI to uncover vocal patterns and potential meanings in how the animals signaled to each other in their deep-sea environment.
The team of marine biologists and computer scientists found the phonetic alphabet of sperm whales features 18 rhythms, five tempos, three types of rubato (variation in duration), and two extra clicks called ornamentation, which are modified depending on conversational context. Using machine learning algorithms, the scientists identified 143 regularly used combinations they believe structure a form of phonetic alphabet. They are now exploring whether these signals convey specific intentions, like making group decisions or coordinating hunts.
Scientists hope, with thehelp of AI, to eventually be able to communicate with the whales, which would be the first time humans have spoken with another species.
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